stem

I

n

1. stalk, trunk, caudex, culm, Brit. haulm, cane, colamus, quill, Bot. caulis, Bot. caulicle, Bot. axis; leafstalk, Bot. petiole, Bot. petiolule, Biol. pedicle, Bot. pedicel, Both Bot., Zool. footstalk, peduncle, Both Bot. funicle, funiculus, Bot. gynophore; bine, tendril, runner, Bot. sormentum, Bot. rootlet; arm, leg, neck; support, stay, mainstay, staff; shaft, shank, spike, rod, bar, Mach. arbor; peg, pin, thill, link, connector.

2. spindle, swivel, pilot, axle, winder, turner, turn-buckle, screw; handle, holder.

3. stock, strain, line, lineage, bloodline, blood, race; genealogy, pedigree, family tree, ancestry, parentage, family, tribe, people, clan, Anthrop. gens; heritage, origin, birth, background, extraction, descent.

v

4.Usu. stem from

arise, rise, spring, issue, emanate, flow, come, proceed; root, sprout, bud, grow, evolve, develop, burgeon; germinate, originate, start, commence, begin; descend, derive, follow, ensue, result, be generated by, be brought about by, be bred by, be caused by, be based or grounded on.

II

v

1. stop, arrest, stay, stall, bring to a halt or standstill; put a stop or an end to, terminate, end, quash, quell, squash, Inf. put the kibosh on; check, nip in the bud; curb, control, limit, circumscribe, restrict, contain, Law. enjoin; restrain, hold back, repress, constrain, suppress, hold in, pull back on, hold the reins on; retard, slow down, cut back on, diminish, decrease, reduce, lessen, curtail, abridge, cut short.

2. dam, dam up, plug, plug up, stop, stop up, bung, cork, stopple, spile, (in blasting) tamp, Surg. tampon; stuff up, fill up, pack, Obs. constipate; close off, shut off, cut off, caulk, seal off; stanch, bind, put a tourniquet on, stop the flow, stop the leak; block, obstruct, jam up, clog up, choke; prevent, bar, debar, forbid, proscribe, Law. estop; hinder, hamper, inhibit, op-pilate, impede, handicap.

II

v

breast, push through, inch through, move through, advance against, make headway against, gain ground against, make strides against, make progress against; surmount, rise above, prevail over, win over, beat; confront, meet, face; repel, fend off, beat back, thwart, ward off; oppose, defend against, hold one's ground against, hold off, keep at bay; withstand, stand up against, hold up against; outlast, survive, endure, last out, come through.